Eggplants share the genus solanum with tomatoes and potatoes. With a few niche exceptions, most other nightshades are poisonous, hallucinogenic, medicinal, inflammatory or any combination of the above, depending on the dosage.
This toxicity is thanks to alkaloids, a type of molecule that’s diversely represented in the nightshade family. The alkaloid nicotine is found in potatoes, tomatoes and eggplant, but in much lower concentrations in their nightshade cousin tobacco.
With one notable exception, every important nightshade comes from the Americas. That exception is the enigmatic eggplant, which was domesticated in Asia.
My friend Ray Risho, a Syrian-American chef, restaurateur and lifelong scholar of Old World cuisines, grew up in an eggplant-friendly household in 1950s Providence, Rhode Island. To this day, during the peak eggplant months of late summer and early fall, Risho goes on a seasonal binge, buying and cooking eggplant in various ancient, succulent, fragrant ways. And recently, he showed me how to make Imam Bayildi.
The Turkish eggplant dish is named for its ability to separate a man from his consciousness. Literally, it means “the imam fainted,” supposedly after taking a bite. Presumably, he fainted because of the dish’s flavor, but there is a competing theory that he fainted upon learning how much olive oil was used in preparing it.
Risho’s rendition is exotic enough to drop you like a kick to the liver, but considerably more enjoyable, thanks largely to the Baharat seasonings he mixes with the tomato and onions.
Baharat is a classic spice blend that can be found in most Middle Eastern stores. Risho, a black belt in spice blending, mixes his own. If you are purchasing Baharat or any spice mix, he advises, read the ingredient label carefully. You only want the spices, no flour, salt, sugar, oil or any other filler that would dilute the impact. You can add salt later.
Risho lays eggplant halves in a cast iron skillet, blankets them with a Baharat-seasoned onion and tomato mix, and bakes the skillet, covered, until its contents are a savory pudding.
“The idea is to get the onions, tomatoes and eggplant to melt,” Risho said. Like the imam, we presume.
I watched him prepare a pan. As he put it in the oven I took my leave, and went home to prepare my own. When it was done, and the kitchen filled with Baharat aerosols, I could not wait for it to cool to a reasonable temperature. Risking heat damage to my mouth, and with dainty nibbles that grew larger as the pan cooled, I dove in.
The Baharat spices are magical in this dish, pulling it together into a tightly woven yet luxuriously soft magic carpet ride of a meal. If I had passed out and woken up on the floor, it wouldn’t have surprised me in the least. The only surprise would have been if I’d stopped chewing.
Imam Bayildi
Serves 6
- 2 pounds eggplant, trimmed and sliced in half lengthwise
- 1 pound tomatoes cut into ribs (see instructions)
- 1 pound onion cut into half ribs
- 2 tablespoons Baharat (recipe below)
- 1 cup extra virgin olive oil
- 3 teaspoons salt
- 1 tablespoon tamarind paste
- 1 tablespoon dried mint
- 1 head garlic, chopped coarsely
- ¼ cup lemon juice
Slice off a thin piece of skin on the underside of each eggplant half so it sits flat. Fill a cast-iron pan or other baking dish with eggplant halves, trimming as necessary so they fit in the pan as snuggly as possible with no empty spaces. If there are lots of gaps, cut up an eggplant to pieces that fit. With a sharply pointed knife, score a crosshatch pattern into the up-facing sides of the eggplants, about a quarter-inch deep, so the cut halves look like they have been overlaid with graph paper.
To make onion ribs, cut an unpeeled onion in half from end to end, and lay one of the halves flat-side down. Slice off both ends, slip off the skin, and slice thinly along the axis between the two trimmed ends. Finally, make one slice across the middle, 90 degrees from the others, so all the ribs get cut in half. Cut the tomatoes to ribs, but don’t cut them in half.
Combine the tomatoes and onions. Add the salt, olive oil, Baharat powder, lemon juice, garlic, mint and tamarind, and stir it into a caramel-hued mix. Spread this mix evenly atop the eggplant. Bake covered at 350 degrees for two hours. It should be succulent and soft but not collapsed and mushy.
Baharat
Makes ½ cup
- 1 tablespoon whole cumin seed
- 1 tablespoon peppercorns
- 1 tablespoon coriander
- 1 tablespoon cloves
- 2 tablespoon nutmeg
- 2 tablespoon paprika
- ½ teaspoon cinnamon
- ½ teaspoon cardamom
Toast the cumin, peppercorns, coriander, cloves and cardamom in a dry pan. Grind and mix with the other ingredients.
